Method of making concrete structures



Aug. 14, i923. 2,465,222

R. G. KIRTON METHOD AOFk MAKING CONCRETE STRUCTURES Filed Aug. V, 1922 129.1. m mi @91.5

/LYH/NAWAH//kw/NW/k Patented Aug. i4, i923er nrcnAanenavAsn Klaren, or'rnarn, wnsrnan AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIA.

METHOD OF MAKING- CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

A1 Applicationled. August'', 15%22. -Serial No. 580,292.

To allauhom t concern: A Y Y Be fitfknown that l, RICHARD -GEevAsn Kinrolv, `a subject ict the King of England, residing at iflerth, v"lestern Australia, Australia, .haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of lilalnV ing Concrete Structuresuof which the following is a vspeciication. Y i A This invention is for` improvements in or relating to concrete structuresfoi2 the type wherein vertical tubular members lare Y Y placed side byside along the site Yto vbe occupied ibyjthe) walland the wall is then built l-up around'them by a succession of l5 pouringsotconcrete. A w i Y According to the present .invention the method of building `concretewalls or other structures verticallyin the position they are to finally occupy,v is characterized byV-surrounding `the tubularrasing or casings whichv are Vpreferably 'tapered' towards the basefwith awrapping of material such as felt lubricated to permit easy sliding ci the tube.V This has-thedouble 'advantage of allowing the tubestoV be easily withdrawn and otincreasing the niasso-'material at the Vbase'of Athe wall..v ,y i I 4 It has been found that it tubular members are built Vinto a.. wall of Vany i reasonable height, 4say-, Gzfeet high or more without any surroundinglubricated wrapping, is impossible to withdraw them even though the membersbetapered and the Vconcrete has only j ust fset',

illustrate'one* method of carrying out this invention as applied to the construction of a iollow concrete vwall `whereof the, cavities areutilized for ventilation purposes; i p

zFigure l isv a vertical transverse' section showing the shuttering and a ytubular casing inposition prior tothe pouring in ofthe concrete; 4 :y i

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation through the centre of-the finished wall; v Y Figure Q3 is avertical transverselsection through the v-wallonthe line 3`3 ot- Fig ure2; and i 1 Figure 4l` is al horizontal section through V the wall on the line lf-#450i FigureQ. j' 1 Like.numerals .indicate` likeV parts in the various figures.; 'Y c A foundation 1..-in theforrn of` concrete blocks is laid'along-the'line to Abeoccupied by the wall; Placed upon the-top of this -jln the` accompanyingpdrawings which loundation'is a horizontal tube 2 having in 1t a series of short upwardly Vdirected branches 3 and at intervals along its length a number of side perforations el.

`lilrected upon the tube 2 and closely fitting at the bottom the branches 3 is `a series of vvertical tubular casings lwhich are of circular cross-section and are constructed of thin sheet metal. `These casings are, in height slightly more thanI `that oi' thewall which is say one story high or about l0 feet, and are tapered towards their lower end'. They are surrounded with a substance such as a wrapping of greased Afelt to prevent the concrete from sticking to them and are pro` vided with a lifting pin 6 at the top. Shuttering boards 7 are erected at each ,side leavinga clearance between the casings and the boards` and wooden. blocks 8 or the like are iitted Vbetween the side openings 4 in the tube 2 and the upper end of some of the tubular casings and the shuttering-boards in order to provide communication between the cavities and the external atmosphere on .one orboth sides of the wall. Finally, the concrete 9 is poured in until the space between the casings and the shuttering-boards is completely iilledin and the whole is left to set. Nhen the concrete is suiiicien'tly set the casings 5 are withdrawn from the top. The greased :telt or other lubricated substance to prevent sticking left in the cavities may be removed if desired or may be allowedto remain. @bviously material lother than felt may be employed but felt is found con- Venient as it isA ordinarily of sufficient thickness to yield tothe inequalities of the casings whenthey are withdrawn. lt will be appreciated that the` casings cannot be made accurately true without needless eng pense, and' that the wrapping roundthem must be of such thickness as to yield sufficiently to allow for this lack of accurate construction as the casings are withdrawn.

Instead of greasing the Jfelt or other substance, it may be lubricated for example by graphite as all that Vis required is that a lu- Vbricated suriacershall be presented tothe casing to obviate sticking between the casing and wrapping. VlThe more convenient method of lubricating the wrapping, will ofcourse be torimpregnate it with the grease orother lubricant used. f l c. l, lit will be readily appreciated that on 'aciii count of tlie casings being tapered towards tlie lower endl tlie mass of .the concrete is distributed more or less propontionately to the load taken by tlie wall, tlius at the lower end of the wall wliere the load islieaviest,

there is more concrete 4to carryit t.liaiifat the upper end where the load is less.V

Any convenient arrangement may be made for connecting tlie tubular Casin-gs or cavities in tlie wall with tlie external atmosphere,

for example, some may begconnected by af lateralv passage at the top with the interior of a room ot' tlie'building to serve asa Ventilation opening for tlie ingress of air from outside and others may be` connected at the top with tlieV external atmosphere by a lateral passage to serve as' an outlet for the egress of air from the interior of the building', tlie air entering tlie cavitiesl by way of tlie lateral passages 'leading to tlie side open-V ings intlietube 2.4 Witli vthis arrangement tlierespective ingress and egress casiiigsor A,cavities may be partitioned o in the horizontal bottom tube 2 and tlie Various opening-sI for tli'e'airmayV be controlled by flap- V'a-l'ves. Y

This invention maybe applied to other structures sucliforexjample as gate-posts in which. case the-post would have einbeddedin it a tapered tube witliits small end Vdown- Intl'ie wall construction, instead of Afitting i tli'efblofcks or cores .8 between the syliutteringboards and-:the 'bottom tube Q, tlie tube may be provided. witlila'terally directed branches inadditi'on to the upwardly directed ones. Y

'It is `known to use horizontal andl Vertical aiijsliaits inconcrete walls and' to llave these interconnected and no claim is made in .the presentspeciiication ior the use ot VafliorivYontal tube `embedded in a wall or' other structure except when itis used with tlie tu-V bular casings surrounded witlia grieasedsub` stancevor wrapping to prevent adhesion of the-concrete toV the vcasingfs.

` l1 Claim 1.-

Vl'. Tlie method ofL constructing vertically inthe position it is toffinally occupy a hollow concrete structureconsisting1 in wrap# ping a tube with compressible..inateriallulirica-ted to permit easy sliding oi? tlie 'tube out of said wrapping, which tube 'is of 'the length and siyeV necessary fora core for 'tlie lillow Iportion ot tlie structure,V mount-ing said' 'tube vertically in" the site where -tlie structure is .to be formecbplacing the lconcrete round the tube and after'allowingftlie same to set withdrawing the tube from its wrapping.

"VQ-.'Tlie -nietliodfof construetiiig vertically inY tlie position itis torfinally occupy ahollQW Concrete Stliwture- @esisti-11ein; Wraaping a tube with elt lubricatedto permit.

`easy sliding@ of the tube out osaid wrapf, ping, which tube is of the length and size f necessary-rior a' cerel for the hollow portion of tlie structure, mountingsaid tube Vertically in the site whe-re the "s tructureis to lbe formed,v placing the concrete `round the tube and aite'r allowing the same to set withdraw# Us ing' jtlie tube fromlr itsI wrapping. Y L .Y

3. Themetliod et constructing vertically Vin tlie position it Ais fto ii-nallyo'cupy ajvliollow concrete structure consisting;` ini-wrapping a taperedtube with'material'lubrlcate'd to pei-'init easy Vsliding ofthe tube out of'` ysaid wrapping, Vwhich tubeis of'tlie length Y,

and siZe necessary for a core for the lio-liw j port-ion of the strueturdfinountinigf "said tube vertically Vin tliesiltfe wl'iere the structure is y placingrtlie concrete r'ouiid tlie tubeY and Vafter allowing the 'saine to withdrawing the tube from its 'wrappiiar'ga et. The method "of cbnstiu'cti-np; vertically in the position it is to finally 'o'ceupy fa hol# low vconcrete structure consisting iinwrap ping a tapered tube witli comprssi'ble inate- Y rial lubricatedl toy permitea-sylslidi-i'i;5;;Y of the tube out ofV said-wrappiiigfwliicli tj is of the length andsiie necessary 'for fa; corefor the liollow portion of t-lieVV stii'ict'ure, r'ipufnting said tube yerti'cal-lyin the site wherethe Vstructure is to be iorine'dy with tlie small end downwards, 'placing the concrete Vvround the .A

tube andi-after allowing- `tliesai'n'e 'to-set with-J drawing. the tube freiiiitswrapping.

*5.* Tlie method of low 'concrete strueuri-e "eensietiiifgin: wrap,-

.ping a taperedV tube withV felt lubricated to pesait easy fSii'fiings-ff'iiiie tube fout, of :Saai

wrapping, which tube is bff'the lenggtlafandY sizenecess'afry for 'coi'efo -Ytlife holiow por-,

tion eine Structure, nipafitieig saiaiubevere tically in Vthe site wliere 'the 'structure to' 1 placing the conefrete` Proundf the; and after allowing ftlie same to-:set withdifawinp;` the tube from its wrappings.

e. The -meaied'lorfeeiistimeuiig;eetieaiiy v12o' j conduits:torineii-ti ere'inl',cdn-silstiiig invwrap ping aflplurality of tubes eacli-witllifeom.

essary forvcores for the condui" formed in the wal'l,- mountiigI "sa vertieafiiyspaced aim-gv the` :Site-i taba/0e;- cu'piedbytli'el wall', placing .tlieV concrete ajos Y ting vertlijeaiiy Y VVround the tubes and after allowing the same to set withdrawing the tubes upwards from their wrappings. n

7. The method of constructing vertically in the position it is to iinally occupy a conn crete wall having a plurality of vertical conduits formed therein, consisting in wrapping a plurality of tubes each with felt lubricated to permit easy sliding of the tubes out of said wrappings, which tubes are of the length and size necessary for cores for the conduits to be formed in the wall, mounting said tubes vertically spaced along the site to be occupied by the wall,

1' placing the concrete round the tubes and after allowing the same to set withdrawing 4the tubes upwards from their wrappings.

' 8. The method of constructing vertically in the position it is to finally occupya concrete wall having a lplurality of vertical tapered conduits formed therein, consistingV vin wrapping a plurality oftapered tubes each with material lubricated to permit easy sliding of the tubes out of said wrappings, which tubes are of the length and tapered conduits formed therein, consisting in wrapping a plurality of tapered tubes each with compressible materia-l lubricated to permit easy sliding of the tubes out of said wrappings, which tubes are of the length and size necessary for cores for the conduits to be formed in the wall, mounting said tubes vertically spaced along the site to be occupied by the wall, placing the concrete round the tubes and after allowing the same to set withdrawing the tubes upwards from their wrappings.

l0. The method of constructing vertically in the position it is to finally occupy a concrete wall having a. plurality of vertical tapered conduits formed therein, consisting in wrapping a plurality of tapered tubes each with felt lubricated to permit easy sliding of the tubes out of said wrappings, which tubes are of the length and size necessary for cores for the conduits to be formed in the wall, mounting said tubes vertically spaced along the site to be occupied by the wall, placing the concrete round the tubes and after allowing the same to set withdrawing the tubes upwards from their wrappings.

In testimony whereof I have signed myA name to this specification in the presence of twov subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD GERVASE -KIRTON Witnesses: v

A. M. HAYWARD, HARRY RIDGE. 

